It shows a diameter of 3042 nm and consists of outer lipid envelope containing hepatitis b surface antigen hbsag and an icosahedral capsid core composed of protein. Many people have no symptoms during the initial infection. Hepatitis b virus hbv belongs to the hepadnaviridae family. Inflammation is swelling that occurs when tissues of the body become injured or infected. Hepatitis b serology, hepatitis b surface antibody, hepatitis b surface antigen, hepatitis b core antibody, hepatitis b envelope antigen, hepatitis b envelope antibody, hbsag, hbeag, xhbsab, xhbs igg, xhbcab, xhbc igm, xhbc igg, xhbeab, xhbe igm, xhbe igg, hepatitis b screening, hepatitis b antigen, hepatitis b virus test, hepatitis b antibody. Hepatitis b virus is a common viral pathogen that chronically infects almost 400 million people worldwide, who have a permanent risk of developing cirrhosis andor hepatocellular carcinoma. The hepatitis b virus is transmitted when blood, semen, or another body fluid from a person infected with the virus enters the body of someone who is not infected. Viral hepatitis serologic profiles mayo medical laboratories. Hepatitis b vaccination and hepatitis b immune because there is a high risk of acquiring hbv from a needlestick injury, health care profession. Hbv, a member of the hepadnaviridae family, is a small dna virus with unusual features similar to retroviruses. Hepatitis b is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis b virus hbv that affects the liver. Between 15%25% of those with chronic hepatitis b develop serious liver diseases such as cancer, cirrhosis scarring of the liver, or liver failure, all of which can be fatal. Hepatitis b information division of viral hepatitis cdc. For hbeagnegative patients with chronic hepatitis b disease, treatment can be administered when the hbv dna is at or above 2,000 iuml 10 4 copiesml and the serum alt is elevated alt levels 20 ul for females.
Hepatitis b is a liver disease that can cause mild illness lasting a few weeks, or it can lead to a serious, lifelong illness. Acute hepatitis b infection is a shortterm illness that can lead to fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, jaundice yellow skin or eyes, dark urine, clay. Hepatitis b vaccine administered alone beginning within 24 hours after birth is 70%95% effective in preventing perinatal hbv infection. This guideline covers assessing and managing chronic hepatitis b in children, young people and. It can cause scarring of the organ, liver failure, and cancer. Many viruses cause infections that can be spread from person to person. In acute infection, some may develop a rapid onset of sickness with vomiting, yellowish skin, tiredness, dark urine and abdominal pain. People get hepatitis b when they come into contact with. Hepatitis b is a disease caused by the hepatitis b virus.
Hepatitis b virus hbv is a hepadnavirus, highly resistant to extremes of temperature and humidity, that invades the hepatocytes. Interpretation of hepatitis b serologic test results. Hepatitis b is a viral infection that attacks the liver and can cause both acute and chronic disease. Interpretation of hepatitis b serologic test results hepatitis b serologic testing involves measurement of several hepatitis b virus hbvspeci. It is a major public health issue in the united states and worldwide. The viral genome is a partially doublestranded, circular dna linked to a dna polymerase that is surrounded by an icosahedral nucleocapsid and. The natural history of hepatitis b virus infection is dynamic, and patients can fluctuate between periods of active liver inflammation and. Acute hepatitis b july 2016 page 2 of 17 completely unrelated to the viruses that cause hepatitis a, c, or other nona, nonb nanb hepatitis.
Introduction viral hepatitis, refers to infections that affect the liver and are caused by viruses. Different serologic markers or combinations of markers are used to identify different phases of hbv infection and to determine whether a patient has acute or chronic hbv. It is a major global health problem, and the most serious type of viral hepatitis. Not only does viral hepatitis carry a high morbidity, but it also stresses medical resources. World gastroenterology organisation global guideline. Family members and household contacts, as well as sexual partners, should be screened using the three serological tests previously outlined and vaccinated if they are susceptible. Hepatitis b virus hbv infects more than 300 million people worldwide and is a common cause of liver disease and liver cancer. Majoritatea persoanelor purtatoare ale virusului hepatitei b sunt bine, nu prezinta. Viral capsid bears viral genome and dna polymerase that has reverse transcriptase activity. Hepatitis b is a liver infection caused by the hepatitis b virus hbv. This page includes the following topics and synonyms.